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| Introduction: |
| The lens aperture is the variable opening in the lens which allows a pre-determined amount of light to impact the sensor be it a piece of film or a digital sensor. |
| Aperture: |
| Aperture is measured in F-stops. These numbers are
actually denominators of fractions rather than actual representative
measurements. The lower the number, the larger the opening. For example,
an F1.4 lens is considered extremely "fast" (wide open, letting in a
huge amount of light). An F8 lens is considered "slow", its opening is
small letting in a low amount of light and requiring longer exposure
times. An F1.4 (1/1.4) lens lets in twice as much light as a F2.8 1/2.8) lens. Every stop you close down for example going from an F5.6 to F8 cuts the light reaching the sensor in half. Stopping a lens down lets you extend your shutter times for particular effects and to extend the depth of field. |
| Lenses: |
| Zoom lenses tend to have smaller minimum apertures
that prime (fixed focal length) lenses. This is due to the limits in
internal space and placement of zoom components. Prime fast lenses are
especially useful when shooting indoors in low light conditions and for
portraits due to their low depth of field when used wide open. Zoom
lenses are more versatile but often lack the speed of primes. Cheers. |
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